• [Dr. Patrick]: The next question is, "Broccoli sprouts still the best way to get sulforaphane, how to maximize production in the sprouts? Freeze them, steep them both, let them sit after blending to allow myrosinase to react with the glucoraphanin?"

• [Dr. Fahey]: Yeah, so if you're home sprouting and you know what the glucoraphanin content of your seeds are, that's great. But I've already warned you you probably won't be able to know what the content is, it's very difficult to know.

So if you're blending them up, you want to do that just before consuming them. You can't blend up a concoction once a week, and then put it in the refrigerator and go in for a few gulps, you know, every now and then throughout the week. Excuse me. If you freeze them, that's fine. You can blend them and freeze them, and then eat them, immediately eat that "blendate" immediately after thawing, that's fine. If...you know, if you're intent on...

• [Dr. Patrick]: Wait, wait. Would you freeze the sprouts, and then blend them immediately after, and then consume them?

• [Dr. Fahey]: Honestly, you could do either.

• [Dr. Patrick]: Okay.

• [Dr. Fahey]: The myrosinase will stay active and start...it won't be reactive in the freezer, probably inactive. But it will start working again when you thaw that paste or whatever, you know, the concoction.

So, you know, if you're intent on getting a specific... If you want to eat healthy and get some sulforaphane, then I think eating broccoli sprouts or smoothies made from them, or, you know, we've talked about some of the modes of delivery, is great. If you want to get a known dose of sulforaphane, then probably you're best to go to a high-quality supplement. But... And then there's the question of commercially grown sprouts, which we maybe can get into in another sort of... This has to do with cleanliness or sanitation of sprouts.

But, so, you know, there's...I think there's more chance of holding manufacturers accountable if you're taking a supplement, or there will be in the future hopefully. If you're just...if you're buying seeds and making your own sprouts, unless you get them tested for glucoraphanin content, you're really not going to know. You're not going to know how active the myrosinase might be in those sprouts either.

That said, I'm not trying to discourage anybody from doing it at all, I think it's a great idea.

• [Dr. Patrick]: It's cost-effective, as well, for sure. People...some people can't afford supplements.

• [Dr. Fahey]: It's very cost-effective. And if... I need to give a shout-out to my new friend Doug Evans who has this book that he just wrote and it's being translated in multiple languages and it's excellent. It's called The Sprout Book, I think. God, I'm blanking on the name of his book. But he...you know, he advocates sprouts from a nutritional perspective and he does...I think he has a chapter that talks about our work and that of others showing medicinal or preventive qualities of broccoli sprouts.

He was very generous talking about our work, but his bottom line is it's cheap, it's effective, it's highly nutritious. You get all the fiber, you know, you get the vegetable fiber if you eat the sprouts, which you don't get with supplements. And, you know, you get vitamins and you get minerals and blah, blah, blah. But he makes a very good case, I think, for it. And I think he...not to be disrespectful, but I think he lives on sprouts, I don't know if he eats anything but sprouts.

So, but he has some good methodology and he talks about other kinds of sprouts, whereas in the guide that I helped put together for you, Rhonda, we just talked about broccoli sprouts. So yeah.