Psychedelic drugs are hallucinogenic substances that alter cognition and perception, inducing visual and auditory changes and a “heightened state of consciousness.” They have a long history of traditional use in medicine and religion for their perceived ability to promote physical and mental health. A recent review found that older adults who have used psychedelic drugs tend to exhibit better cognitive functioning and fewer depressive symptoms than those who have not.

The study involved more than 2,500 adults between the ages of 42 and 92. Researchers assessed participants' executive function and episodic memory and enquired about their use of psychedelic drugs, including marijuana, LSD, or other hallucinogens (e.g., PCP, angel dust, peyote, ecstasy, mescaline, or Prozac), in the previous 12 months.

They found that participants who reported psychedelic use had better executive function but not episodic memory. They also tended to have fewer depressive symptoms.

Psychedelic drugs primarily act on serotonin receptors, particularly the 5-HT2A receptor, altering perception, mood, and cognition. These changes in brain activity and connectivity may promote neuroplasticity, potentially benefiting overall cognitive function and mental health. Learn more about psychedelic drugs in this episode featuring Dr. Roland Griffiths.